Short Notes in Orthopaedics

 Look           Alignment of UE - Normal           Fullness of Anterior Shoulder           Skin - Normal           Muscles wasting               Always look from front , side and then back. If there is a mirror in front you can inspect shoulder                     movements from back also .           Feel           Temperature - Generally normal           Any tenderness ?           Lymph nodes on Axilla         Palpation starts from medial border of clavicle , along clavicle , shoulder joint, proximal humerus             and then again back to joint, along spine of scapula and all 3 borders of scapula  Movement           Abduction          Adduction           Flexion           Extension           ER         Special Tests                          Apprehension Test                     Anterior Drawer Test                      Jobe's Relocation Test                      Sulcus Test    Pulsation of Brachial arteries    Sensation  - Axillary N.                               Radial N.   

I found students really lost when doing a Brachial Plexus Injury clinical examination. If it is done in a sequence then it won't be. I have explained it in a simplified manner. Go from the front , then side and observe on the back on inspection. Then again do the 2nd round from front, sides and  to back on palation along with movement of joints. Then on third round i would do tinel's sign , sensory exam and muscle power testing on third round. And at last i would complete the examination measuring scars, if there is descrepancy of limb length and finally pulsation of brachial / radial and ulnar arteries / lymhp nodes  To pass any PG exam , a good history along with a comprehensive physical examination is a minimum criteria to be appreciated and be asked for treatment which allows you to pass the exam. All questions after that will help you be get extra.  i wish you all the best.  Please support me giving comments sothat i can work more on topics like these.   Look -      (Front