Flash Card 3 - Pedicle Screws

Entry Point


Lumbar Spine

confluence of
            1. Pars Interarticularis

             2. Mamillary Processes

             3.Middle of transeverse process

             4. superior articular facet of lateral border


            Upper lumbar 5-10 degrees towards midline

            Lower Lumbar 10 -15 degrees towards midline

            No cephalad or caudad direction of screws .



Thoracic Spine

              1. Lateral Border of superior facet

               2. lateral border of inferior facet

               3.Pars I/A

                4. transeverse process


    screw convergence -
                  7-10 degrees towards midline

                   10-20 degrees causally .











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