This blog is for students preparing for exam or looking for short notes in orthopaedics in different topics. We are trying to give a quick insight of Orthopaedics written in exam oriented manner.
Radial Club Hand
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Deficiency of Radius and Radial carpal structures .
Tuberculosis In general , Rest and Nutrition Chemotherapy Surgery if needed . Dorsal Spine - Approach to surgery A bit ambiguous Many prefer to do Anterior Transpleural. Some choose Anterolateral/posterolateral extrapleural and posterolateral approaches Posterolateral Approach(Martin 1970) Dura exposed by Hemilaminectomy first and then operation extended laterally to remove posterior ends of 2 to 4 ribs, corresponding tra...
Coxa Vara Painless limp, LLD gradually worsening , Unilateral or bilateral in 30-50 % cases Prominent trochanters Pelvic Tilt- LLD Trendelenburg test or delaye trendelenburg test + ve B/L waddling High Greater trochnater - supratrochanteric shortening, Decreased abduction, (decrease in articular trochanteric distance ) and internal rotation (due to decreased anteversion) may have out toeing r/o cervical instability causing limping Types of Coxa Vara https://quizlet.com/au/304405013/coxa-vara-flash-cards/ Mangement Depends on Hilgenreiner Angle (HEA ) https://www.orthobullets.com/pediatrics/4041/developmental-coxa-vara > 60 degrees - wait and watch 45-60 degrees - wait and watch Goals of surgery Neck shaft angle (more or equal ) to 140. degrees Correct version Ossification and healing of inferomedia...
Supracondylar Fracture Patient Presentation Age 6-10 years MOI - Fall on outstretched hand with elbow on extension, breaks. Olecranon serves as the fulcrum and the stress concentrates in distal humerus. Anteriorly the perisoteum hinges. Pain , swelling, deformity, bruising Deformity (usually S shaped ) , skin puckering Compartment syndrome Blood vessels spasm/ contusion/ tear/ thrombosis If capillary refill present , hand arm Dunlop traction done. No role of Angiography , further delays the treatment. Nerve Injuries, proximal fragment spike hits nerve. 3a Posteromedial displacement - Radial Nerve involvement 3b Posterolateral displacement - Median Nerve ...
Hip Joint Ball and Socket joint. Hip fracture is any fracture involving Interochanteric region head, neck or acetabulum. 310,000 Hip fractures in the United State in 2003 1/3 rd - receive a hip replacement. 10.3 - 15.2 billion dollars / year Elderly – Vast Majority Co-morbidities Femoral Neck Fracture Fracture Healing is delayed due to - I ntracapusular neck- No Cambium layer - Synovial fluid clears out haematoma and inhibits fracture union - Haematoma causes pressure on head Mechanism of injury • Directly on lateral hip • Twisting mechanism • Fatigue or insufficiency fracture, then fall • In younger - RTA / fall from a height Risk Factors of Hip Fractures • Osteoporosis and Falls Lifetime risk -17.5 percent for women : 6 per...
Boyd Amputation -Tibiocalcaneal arthodesis, heel pad preserved. ( https://www.semanticscholar.org/ ) ( Modifizierte Pirogoff-Amputation | SpringerLink ) Pirgoff Amputation Amputation at ankle. part of calcanuem left in the stump , Calcaneum cut vertically. Advantages long lever arm , self suspension , good proprioception , end wt bearing. Disadvantages poor cosmesis , too long to use standard foot , no possibility of prosthetic foot fitting
Following points to be included in one's scheme . A. Detailed Clinical History 1. Particular detatils of patient Hand dominance Profession 2. C/C 3. History of Present illness Regarding Site of Injury mechanism of injury -blast , crush , tractrion , ...
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